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The Hot X-Ray Gas in Giant Elliptical Galaxies

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The oldest known large galactic structures in the universe are giant elliptical galaxies. Unlike our Milky Way and other spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies have no spiral arms and littl...

Heating the Solar Corona

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The hot outer layer of the sun, the corona, has a temperature of over a million degrees Kelvin, much more than the surface temperature of the Sun which is only about 5500 degrees Kelvin. ...

Bright Galaxy Clusters in the Era of Peak Star Formation

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Galaxies actively engaged in making stars produce many hot massive stars that emit copious amounts of uv radiation. The neutral hydrogen gas in these galaxies (or in the intervening inter...

The Galaxy Cluster Abell 959

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Most galaxies lie in clusters containing from a few to thousands of objects. Our Milky Way, for example, belongs to the Local Group, a cluster of about fifty galaxies whose other large me...

Photosynthesis on Habitable Planets Around Low-Mass Stars

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Life on Earth is dominated by photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and some organisms use sunlight at visible wavelengths to synthesize carbon-based nutrients from carbon dio...

Stellar Heartbeats

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The Kepler satellite is famous for its discovery of thousands of exoplanets by continuously and meticulously measuring the brightnesses of over half-a-million stars for the signatures of ...

Optical Identification of Gamma-Ray Blazars

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Blazars are galaxies whose central, supermassive black holes are accreting material from surrounding regions and emitting powerful beams of high velocity charged particles that coincident...

A Rare Look at the Surface of a Rocky Exoplanet

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Cambridge, MA - With an 11-hour orbit around its parent star, the hot planet most likely has no atmosphere, and may be covered in dark lava rock, according to data from the IRAC camera o...
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